Coursera: Machine Learning (Week 1) Quiz - Linear Regression with One Variable | Andrew NG

▸ Linear Regression with One Variable :



  1. Consider the problem of predicting how well a student does in her second year of college/university, given how well she did in her first year. Specifically, let x be equal to the number of “A” grades (including A-. A and A+ grades) that a student receives in their first year of college (freshmen year). We would like to predict the value of y, which we define as the number of “A” grades they get in their second year (sophomore year).
    Here each row is one training example. Recall that in linear regression, our hypothesis is to denote the number of training examples.

    enter image description here
    For the training set given above (note that this training set may also be referenced in other questions in this quiz), what is the value of ? In the box below, please enter your answer (which should be a number between 0 and 10).
    4 






  1. Many substances that can burn (such as gasoline and alcohol) have a chemical structure based on carbon atoms; for this reason they are called hydrocarbons. A chemist wants to understand how the number of carbon atoms in a molecule affects how much energy is released when that molecule combusts (meaning that it is burned). The chemist obtains the dataset below. In the column on the right, “kJ/mol” is the unit measuring the amount of energy released.

    enter image description here

     You would like to use linear regression () to estimate the amount of energy released (y) as a function of the number of carbon atoms (x). Which of the following do you think will be the values you obtain for and ? You should be able to select the right answer without actually implementing linear regression.
    • = −569.6, = 530.9
    • = −1780.0, = −530.9
    • = −569.6, = −530.9
    • = −1780.0, = 530.9






  1. For this question, assume that we are using the training set from Q1.
    Recall our definition of the cost function was

    What is ? In the box below,
    please enter your answer (Simplify fractions to decimals when entering answer, and ‘.’ as the decimal delimiter e.g., 1.5).

    0.5

  1. Suppose we set in the linear regression hypothesis from Q1. What is ?
    3

  1. Suppose we set = −2, = 0.5 in the linear regression hypothesis from Q1. What is ?
    1

  1. Let be some function so that outputs a number. For this problem, is some arbitrary/unknown smooth function (not necessarily the cost function of linear regression, so may have local optima).
    Suppose we use gradient descent to try to minimize as a function of and .
    Which of the following statements are true? (Check all that apply.)
    • If and are initialized at the global minimum, then one iteration will not change their values.
    • Setting the learning rate to be very small is not harmful, and can only speed up the convergence of gradient descent.
    • No matter how and are initialized, so long as is sufficiently small, we can safely expect gradient descent to converge to the same solution.
    • If the first few iterations of gradient descent cause to increase rather than decrease, then the most likely cause is that we have set the learning rate to too large a value.






  1. In the given figure, the cost function has been plotted against and , as shown in ‘Plot 2’. The contour plot for the same cost function is given in ‘Plot 1’. Based on the figure, choose the correct options (check all that apply).
    enter image description here
    • If we start from point B, gradient descent with a well-chosen learning rate will eventually help us reach at or near point A, as the value of cost function is maximum at point A.
    • If we start from point B, gradient descent with a well-chosen learning rate will eventually help us reach at or near point C, as the value of cost function is minimum at point C.
    • Point P (the global minimum of plot 2) corresponds to point A of Plot 1.
    • If we start from point B, gradient descent with a well-chosen learning rate will eventually help us reach at or near point A, as the value of cost function is minimum at A.
    • Point P (The global minimum of plot 2) corresponds to point C of Plot 1.


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  1. Suppose that for some linear regression problem (say, predicting housing prices as in the lecture), we have some training set, and for our training set we managed to find some , such that .
    Which of the statements below must then be true? (Check all that apply.)
    • Gradient descent is likely to get stuck at a local minimum and fail to find the global minimum.
    • For this to be true, we must have and
      so that
    • For this to be true, we must have for every value of = 1, 2,…,.
    • Our training set can be fit perfectly by a straight line, i.e., all of our training examples lie perfectly on some straight line.


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19 Comments

  1. hi Im asking you this coz this was not on your answer list. can you please give the correct answer for the following?
    Let fff be some function so that

    f(θ0,θ1)f(\theta_0, \theta_1)f(θ0​,θ1​) outputs a number. For this problem,

    fff is some arbitrary/unknown smooth function (not necessarily the

    cost function of linear regression, so fff may have local optima).

    Suppose we use gradient descent to try to minimize f(θ0,θ1)f(\theta_0, \theta_1)f(θ0​,θ1​)

    as a function of θ0\theta_0θ0​ and θ1\theta_1θ1​. Which of the

    following statements are true? (Check all that apply.)

    If theta_zero and theta_one are initialized so that theta_zero = theta_one, then by symmetry (because we do simultaneous updates to two parameters), after one iteration of the gradient descent, we will still have theta_zero = theta_one

    (please give the answer whether above statement is correct (i think its wrong) but with an explanation if possible! thanks!

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. This statement is wrong.
      If we initialize \theta_0 & \theta_1 to same value. After a simultaneous update it is not necessary that \theta_0 & \theta_1 will be updated to same value. (That updated value of \theta_0 & \theta_1 will depend on the slope of the curve along x_1 & x_2 respectively)

      On other hand, for Neural Networks, Above statement hold true. There we have to break the symmetry. That's why we initialize all the weights randomly. But no need to do it in Gradient descent.

      Thanks

      Delete
  2. How you solved second problem plz tell me

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. which 2nd problem?
      I have provided solutions to all the problems for all weeks.

      Delete
    2. dear akshay can you provide the matlab solution of the chemist problem, where we have m=12

      Delete
  3. Thanks for the solutions but can you help with some details on how you came up with these answers.
    Videos are coursera are not that straight forward or some links that we can go through. Appreciate your help.

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Honestly, I think you can get most of the answers through Coursera theory lectures only. If you have doubt for any particular question. You can ask here as well.
      I have also provided reasons for the selected answers for some of the quizzes.

      Delete
  4. please help me ,i don't find the answer, only 2 question i find 😔

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Sorry to know that. I tried to add as many question as possible.

      Delete
  5. Please tell me how to solve question 2 (Many substances that can burn (such as gasoline and alcohol) have a chemical structure based on carbon atoms...) ?

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. This is the example of curve fitting. Put the value of theta1 & theta2 and (some values of x) in the equation given in the question and check for which values of thetas your answer is loosely matching with last column of the table.

      Values of thetas for which output of equation and last column are matching, we can say that particular curve is fitting better. and that's the answers.

      NOTE: value of (y) from equation and table won't matching exactly. search for nearby values.

      Delete
  6. Suppose we set \theta_0 = −1, \theta_1 = 0.5 in the linear regression hypothesis from Q1. What is h_\theta(4)?

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. h_theta(x) = theta_0 + theta_1 * x
      h_theta(4) = -1 + 0.5(4) = -1 + 0.5(4) = -1 + 2 = 3

      Delete
  7. thanks for sharing brother, but can you upload a the paper piece on which u have solved these questions

    ReplyDelete
  8. Hi,
    How did you get the answer for question 2? Isn't m=4?
    Thanks!

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Just put the all the values in the cost function equation and calculate it.
      you have all the values like theta0, theta1, m, x, y, etc

      Delete
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